As polyvinyl chloride (PVC) films are hard and brittle in a low-temperature environment, aliphatic dibasic acid ester plasticizers with different acid chain lengths were fabricated, i.e. di(2-ethylhexyl) adipate (DOA), di(2-ethylhexyl) sebacate (DOS) and dioctyl dodecanedioate (DOD), and their effects on the cold-resistant properties of PVC were investigated using experiments and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The brittleness temperature and tensile properties of plasticizers/PVC are negatively related to the acid chain length of the aliphatic dibasic acid esters. The brittleness temperatures of the three systems are all below –50 °C. In-situ low-temperature tensile tests and aging tests indicate that DOA/PVC exhibits the best cold resistance and stability. MD simulations further reveal that the best compatibility between DOA and PVC is attributed to its strong binding energy and weak hydrogen bonding interactions, while van der Waals forces are dominant in DOS/PVC and DOD/PVC. This study elucidates the structure-property relationship between aliphatic dibasic acid ester plasticizers and PVC from the perspective of molecular interactions, and provides insights into the design of cold-resistant PVC plasticizers.

Measuring the viscosity of the melt contributes to the quality of injection molded products. Injection molding machines cannot give much feedback on the processes in the cavity, so pressure measurement inside the mold facilitates quality supervision. Our goal is to get more information about the viscosity of the material during filling in a traditional injection mold. A suitable and cost-effective method is to install cavity pressure sensors for the in-situ viscosity measurement. We prepared an experimental mold with variable wall thickness and 80×80 mm cavity dimensions. We implemented eight pressure sensors in each cavity. The wall thickness varied from 1 to 4 mm, and apparent viscosity was determined at different shear rates and mold temperatures. We measured non-isothermal and non-adiabatic flow during filling. The environment was quite different from that of standard measuring equipment. Based on the results, we effectively measured the material viscosity with a non-heated mold in the case of acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) and polypropylene (PP) material. The results were validated by measuring viscosity with a capillary rheometer and compared to our method using the non-heated mold, and the error was less than 10%. The results were accurate in a specific speed wall thickness range with PP and ABS.

This is an editorial article. It has no abstract.

The coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) has become a global pandemic, leading to severe health issues such as pneumonia, organ failure, and death. Face masks made of non-woven textiles have been widely used to protect against SARS-CoV-2, but concerns arose regarding the potential infection from contaminated masks. To address this, titanium dioxide, a photocatalyst, shows promise in antimicrobial applications, including virus inhibition. This study explores the development of a sheath-core bicomponent fibre with a polypropylene core and a sheath containing an Ag and Zr co-doped TiO₂ photocatalyst (AZT). Zr-Ag-TiO₂ The fibres were produced using a double-extrusion spinning system, and the effects of the sheath-core ratio (50:50 and 80:20 w/w) and AZT content (1–3 wt%) on mechanical and antiviral properties were analysed. The fibres demonstrated improved mechanical strength and thermal stability, with the highest anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity (99.91%) observed in fibres with 2 wt% AZT at a 50:50 ratio after 30 min of fluorescent irradiation.

Nowadays, ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE), allows the combination of lightweight, high strength and is praised for the design of severely loaded structures. It has become a good option for lightweight armour solutions. It is therefore important to characterise its mechanical behaviour. Up to now, strain rate effects on mechanical behaviour have been poorly explored. In this work, this issue is tackled by studying the strain rate influence on the in-plane deformation, in shear and tension of the Tensylon^® HSBD30A, a UHMWPE dedicated to ballistic and blast protection. Two laminates of Tensylon^® of respective orientation [0 °/90°]₂₀ and [±45°]₂₀ were subjected to static and split Hopkinson tensile bar (SHTB) tests. A new mounting system was designed, and new specimen shapes were used to match the experimental setup configurations. Digital image correlation (DIC) was used to measure the in-plane strain. A significant strain-rate dependence on the material behaviour.is evidenced. Besides, results exhibit a higher strength for the [0°/90°]₂₀ specimen than for the [±45°]₂₀ one. Despite some limitations, the proposed setup and measurement methods allowed visualisation of strain rate effects on the stress-strain relationship for strain rates ranging from the quasi-static regime to the dynamic one (1500 s^–1).